Data structures

This notebook covers the basics of the list and dict data structures.

# declare a list
a = [1, 2, 3]
print(a)

# making a list using list comprehension
# same as
#   a = [0, 1, 4, 9, 16]
a = [x**2 for x in range(5)]
print(a)

# length of the list
print(len(a))

[1, 2, 3]
[0, 1, 4, 9, 16]
5

# appending to the end of the list
a.append(5**2)
print(a)

# removing the last element
a.pop()
print(a)

[0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25]
[0, 1, 4, 9, 16]

# taking the first 3 elements
print(a[:3])

# taking the last 2 elements
print(a[-2:])

# taking the middle 3 elements (a[1], a[2], a[3])
#   NOTE: a[4] is not included!
print(a[1:4])

[0, 1, 4]
[9, 16]
[1, 4, 9]

# + concatenating lists
print([1, 2] + [3, 4])

b = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
a += b  # appending a list
print(a)

[1, 2, 3, 4]
[0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

# dictionary is a collection of key-value pairs
d = {"jack": 4098, "sape": 4139}
d["guido"] = 4127
print(d)
print(d["jack"])

# iterating over a dictionary.
for key, value in d.items():
    print(key, value)

# making an empty dictionary
empty_dict = dict()

{'jack': 4098, 'sape': 4139, 'guido': 4127}
4098
jack 4098
sape 4139
guido 4127